On This Day
17 February
- 🇮🇳 In India
- 1510 The Portuguese, under the leadership of Afonso de Albuquerque, formally occupied Goa.
- 1619 After four years of negotiations at the Mughal Emperor Jahangir's court, first English Ambassador Sir Thomas Roe returned to England.
- 1670 Sinhagad fort was captured by Chhatrapati Shivaji's general Tanaji Malsure from the Mughals. It is said that the Maratha army scaled a steep cliff to gain access into the heavily guarded fort. In the ensuing battle, Tanaji was killed and Shivaji is said to have quoted, "Garh aalaa pan singh gela" (the fort has come but the lion has gone).
- 1931 Mahatma Gandhi met the Viceroy of India Lord Irwin at the Viceregal Lodge, the present Rashtrapati Bhavan. After the meeting, Winston Churchill, who later became Prime Minister of Britain, famously called Gandhiji "the half-naked fakir of India".
- 1986 Jiddu Krishnamurti, philosopher, speaker and writer, died at California, United States.
- 1993 Rani Gaidinliu, Naga spiritual and political leader who led a revolt against British rule in India, died at Manipur. At the age of 13, she joined the Heraka movement which endeavoured to drive out the British from Manipur and the surrounding Naga areas.
- 🌎 Elsewhere
- 1776 First volume of Edward Gibbon's seminal work The Decline and Fall of Roman Empire published.
- 1843 The British annexed most of what is now Sindh province in Pakistan after winning the Battle of Miani.
- 1863 A group of citizens of Geneva found an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the International Committee of the Red Cross.
- 1925 The first issue of Harold Ross' magazine, The New Yorker, hits the stands, selling for 15 cents a copy.
- 1928 Michiaki Takahashi, Japanese virologist, best known for inventing the first chickenpox vaccine and having attenuated the varicella zoster virus to produce the Oka vaccine, was born.
- 1929 Chaim Potok, American author and rabbi, whose first book The Chosen was listed on The New York Times' best seller list for 39 weeks, was born.
- 1938 The first color television is demonstrated at the Dominion Theatre in London.
- 1985 American Murray Haydon became the third person to undergo a permanent artificial heart implant.
- 1996 A pair of six-game chess matches between the world chess champion Garry Kasparov and an IBM supercomputer called Deep Blue concluded, with man beating the machine. However, in a re-match in the following year, the machine won.
- 1998 NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft overtakes Pioneer 10 to become the farthest object from earth in space.
- 2012 Approximately 70 ancient Olympic artifacts are stolen from the Archaeological Museum of Greece.
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