On This Day
5 March
- 🇮🇳 In India
- 1851 Geological Survey of India was established in Calcutta. A Government of India organization under the Ministry of Mines, it is the prime provider of basic earth science information to government, industry and general public, as well as the official participant in steel, coal, metals, cement, power industries and international geoscientific forums.
- 1913 Gangubai Hangal, singer of the khayal genre of Hindustani classical music from Karnataka, was born. Known for her deep and powerful voice, she belonged to the Kirana gharana.
- 1931 Gandhi-Irwin Pact, political agreement concluded by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, was signed. The pact made the British Government concede some demands, namely, to withdraw all ordinances and prosecutions, to release all the political prisoners, to restore the confiscated properties of the satyagarhis, and to permit the free collection or manufacture of salt.
- 1990 The government announced an interim relief of Rs 360 crore for the five lakh victims of the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy.
- 1995 India and China agree to open two new border points including Nathu La (Sikkim) to facilitate meetings between their military personnel.
- 🌎 Elsewhere
- 1616 73 years after it was first published, Nicolaus Copernicus's book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres is added to the Index of Forbidden Books, a list of publications deemed heretical or contrary to morality by the Catholic Church.
- 1824 First Anglo-Burmese War started.
- 1853 Howard Pyle, American illustrator, painter and author, best known for the children's books that he wrote and illustrated, was born. The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood (1883) is one of the novels he wrote.
- 1953 Soviet dictator Josef Stalin died at age 73, after 29 years in power.
- 1979 The US space probe Voyager 1 flew by Io, the innermost of Jupiter's satellites, and observed nine active volcanoes on its surface.
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