On This Day
5 April
- 🇮🇳 In India
- 1919 India's first modern shipping company Scindia Steam Navigation's first ship Liberty started its journey. The weight of the ship was 5,940 tonnes. The day is observed as National Maritime Day.
- 1922 Pandita Ramabai Sarasvati, social reformer and scholar, passed away. She was the first woman to be awarded the titles of "Pandita" as a Sanskrit scholar and "Sarasvati" after being examined by the faculty of the University of Calcutta. She was one of the ten women delegates of the Congress session of 1889.
- 1957 For the first time in the country, and for the first time in the world, after the democratically held elections, the Communist Party came to power in Kerala and EMS Namboodiripad took oath as Chief Minister.
- 1965 The second Indo-Pakistani conflict began when fighting broke out in the Rann of Kachchh, a sparsely inhabited region along the West Pakistan-India border.
- 2007 Poornachandra Tejaswi, prominent writer and novelist in Kannada, died. He also worked as a photographer, publisher, painter, naturalist, and environmentalist.
- 🌎 Elsewhere
- 1588 Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher, considered to be one of the founders of modern political philosophy, was born. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory.
- 1815 Mount Tambora in the Dutch East Indies, has its first violent eruption after several centuries of dormancy.
- 1843 Queen Victoria proclaimed Hong Kong a British crown colony.
- 1856 Booker T Washington, Black American educator, was born. The former slave later founded the Tuskegee Institute. He later became the first black on US stamp. His autobiography Up From Slavery was listed in 1999 as the third best work of non-fiction in the English language in the 20th century by the Modern Library.
- 1920 Arthur Hailey, British-Canadian novelist whose plot-driven storylines were set against the backdrops of various industries, was born in Luton, England. His later novels included Hotel and Airport.
- 1971 In Sicily, Italy, Mount Etna began a series of eruptions.
- 1971 Canadian Fran Phipps became the first woman to reach the North Pole.
- ⭐ Significance
- National Maritime Day is celebrated in India to show gratitude to the men who spend many months in the sea, to carry out the bulk of India's trade and commerce at a global level. It is observed in commemoration of the first voyage of SS Loyalty of the Scindia Steam Navigation Company Ltd in 1919.
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