On This Day
1 August
- 🇮🇳 In India
- 1916 Annie Besant, former president of the Indian National Congress, launched the Home Rule League.
- 1920 Mahatma Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- 1920 Bal Gangadhar Tilak, early Indian nationalist leader, dies at 64.
- 1953 All airlines in the country were nationalized on 1953.
- 1957 National Book Trust, an autonomous body under the Ministry of Education of the Government of India, was established.
- 1999 Bengali and English writer Nirad C. Chaudhary died in Britain.
- 🌎 Elsewhere
- 0030 BCE Roman Emperor Augustus Caesar enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
- 1498 Christopher Columbus lands on "Isla Santa" (Venezuela)
- 1774 English chemist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen by isolating it in its gaseous state.
- 1793 France becomes first country to use the metric system.
- 1819 American writer Herman Melville—best known for his novels of the sea, most notably Moby Dick (1851)—was born.
- 1834 Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into effect, abolishes slavery throughout the British Empire.
- 1883 Inland postal service begins in Great Britain.
- 1907 First Scout camp opens on Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, southern England, organised by Lieutenant-General Baden-Powell.
- 1936 Adolf Hitler presided over the opening of the Berlin Olympic Games.
- 1939 Synthetic vitamin K is produced for the first time.
- 1944 The final entry was recorded in the diary of Anne Frank, a Jewish girl who spent two years in hiding during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands; 3 days later she is arrested.
- 1994 Thousands of historic documents and more than 100,000 books are destroyed in a blaze which ripped through Norwich Central Library, UK.
- 1996 American author George R.R. Martin published A Game of Thrones, the first installment in his hugely popular fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire.
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